The Civil Rights Movement

the civil rights movement

After years of being oppressed discriminated and made a laughing stock the blacks finally took a stand to better their and the next generation's lives. To archive this goal they made the civil rights movement , in generally it was a series of efforts to gain blacks freedom and equal rights and treatment. Some examples of these efforts include:  The Brown v. Board of Education (1954) case in which the Court declared state laws establishing separate public school for black and white students unconstitutional , this earned the blacks fair education.

a newspaper spreading the news

Another effort was when Rosa Parks, an African American woman, was arrested for refusing to surrender her seat to a white man. the blacks protested this was called the Montgomery bus boycott basically the blacks walked to their destinations instead of taking the bus which had a negative affect on the bus business hence them getting the bus Jim crow laws banned. 

the bus on which Rosa Parks made history

In addition the 1957-1958 Little Rock School Crisis: when blacks were enrolled in a fomerly racially segregated school. It caused outrage and they were literally refused to enter the school  by Orval Faubus governor of the state , he even seriously put guards .Later  the supreme court made a  decision declaring all laws  of establishing segregated schools  unconstitutional.

troops that were sent to protect the blacks

another effort was the sit-ins where for examples students sat in white only restaurants without causing any violence until they were served, the freedom raiders where the ones who took interstate bus rides too segregated south areas to fight racial prejudice and segregation.the results were the removal of ''white'' and ''black'' signs on a lot of things restaurants, fountains, toilets etc and passengers regardless of race were allowed to sit where they wanted on trains, buses etc 

students on a sit-in 

a freedom bus bombing  increased demonstrators

freedom riders

The 1963 civil rights protest in Birmingham was another effort for civil rights for blacks. This one didn't go so well Eugene Connor a racist led cops to brutally brake the protests he said Birmingham was not going to take it. Demonstrators were bitten by dogs sprayed by hoses and beaten by policemen. Business men realized they were midst of a public relations disaster and quietly made a negotiation that resulted to desegregation of lunch counters, fitting rooms, agreed to hire more African american workers and remove white only signs from fountains and restrooms. Connor said he would have got away with it if it wasn't for the  business men. a good thing came out of it JFK backed the civil rights act.

Demonstrators attacked by dogs

demonstrators being sprayed by hoses 

To the left the buttock Connor

More than 200,000 Americans gathered in Washington on August 28th 1963 for jobs and freedom. It was known as the 1963 march on Washington. Many speeches were given but one that had most attention was Martin Luther King's'' I have a dream. ''speech. Basically the march was to shed light on segregation etc and it was supported by JFK. 

marchers

king waving at the people